This introduction to chemical separations technology presents the chemical and/or physical basis of different techniques and explains how to evaluate them for design and analysis. Chemical separations are of central importance in many areas of environmental science, whether it is cleaning up polluted water or soil, the treatment of discharge streams from chemical processes, or modification of a specific process to decrease its environmental impact. This textbook is suitable for undergraduate and graduate students taking courses on environmental separations or environmental engineering. Many worked examples and over 100 homework problems are key highlights.
Process Development: Fine Chemicals from Grams to Kilograms
Process development bridges the gap between the laboratory synthesis of an organic compound and its industrial manufacture on a large scale. This concise and readable text uses real examples and case histories from ICI/Zeneca Pharmaceuticals to show the problems which may be encountered in scaling up chemical synthesis, and the ways these problems may be overcome. It shows how it is possible to synthesize multi-kilogram quantities of a new organic compound which has been made in the laboratory only in the milligram scale. A wide range of aliphatic, aromatic, and heterocyclic compounds is covered. This book will be invaluable both to the research chemist involved in the development phase of novel compounds, and the advanced undergraduate interested in the fine chemicals industry.
Two Phase Flows in Chemical Engineering
This monograph is a highly technical analysis of the interaction of two phases in controlled experiments. By using a perforated plate and stirred tank, Dr Azbel has conducted experiments involving flow, mass bubbling, mass transfer during bubbling and in a liquid-solid system and the calculation of bubbling reactors for the two-phase oxidation reaction. The last chapter investigates the design of a reactor for microbiological processes. The behaviour of bubbles is a unifying theme of this book. From an explanation of the fundamentals of bubbles formation at a single orifice, Dr Azbel goes on to set up equations for bubble motion, bubble size, bubble-size distribution and pressure drop across a perforated plate. His treatment of bubbles is expanded in later chapters to include mass transfer in the dispersion of solid particles in a liquid and mass transfer accompanied by chemical reactions in a bubble dispersion system.